Which of the following is a sign of an IV complication such as infiltration?

• A. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances
• B. Fluid volume overload
• C. Infiltration (cool)
• D. Septicemia

Answer: (C)

Infiltration occurs when IV fluid leaks into the surrounding tissue, and the telltale sign is the area around the IV site feeling cool to the touch, often with swelling and pallor. That direct, localized cue—cool, potentially swollen tissue near the IV—is why this option fits best as a sign of an IV complication like infiltration. The other possibilities describe broader, systemic problems or infections rather than a localized leakage at the infusion site: fluid and electrolyte imbalances or fluid volume overload involve the body's overall fluid balance, and septicemia involves infection with systemic symptoms, not a cool area around the IV site. If infiltration is suspected, stop the infusion, remove the cannula, and monitor the area while starting a new IV elsewhere.